Resumen
Un problema que reportan con frecuencia los cuidadores de menores es su rechazo a la ingesta de alimentos. Existe evidencia de que dicho problema se exacerba en aquellos con diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). En México se desconoce la existencia de esos problemas en dicha población, por lo que el propósito del presente estudio fue realizar un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo de la prevalencia y características de la conducta alimentaria en niños autistas. Los padres contestaron un cuestionario para obtener datos sociodemográficos, conductas problemáticas observadas al momento de comer, prácticas de alimentación, preferencias de alimentos, información médica y consumo de alimentos por parte de la familia y de los menores, hallándose que dos tercios de estos mostraban conductas problemáticas, siendo las más frecuentes el abandonar la mesa y rechazar comer. Los menores con problemas de conducta consumían menos alimentos que aquellos sin problemas. Adicionalmente, se encontró que hay una relación positiva entre el número de alimentos consumidos por los menores y por su familia. Los resultados de esta investigación representan una aproximación inicial a la evaluación de problemas pediátricos de la alimentación en menores con diagnóstico de TEA en población mexicana.
Citas
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