Resumen
La ansiedad y la depresión han sido reportadas en todo el mundo como afecciones comórbidas comunes en pacientes que acuden a los servicios de emergencias; no obstante, poco se ha publicado dentro del contexto mexicano en años recientes. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la frecuencia de ansiedad y depresión en pacientes ingresados en un servicio de emergencias en México. Se efectuó un estudio retrospectivo en un hospital general de la Ciudad de México, en el que se revisó un total de 117 registros de pacientes que fueron hospitalizados entre febrero y octubre de 2017, de quienes se analizaron los datos obtenidos en la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS), la MiniEntrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional (MINI) y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos. Con base en los puntos de corte, los resultados de la HADS mostraron que casi la mitad de los participantes mostraban ansiedad, y una cantidad similar, depresión. En la MINI, los episodios depresivos mayores ocurrieron en más de una tercera parte de los pacientes, y en una cuarta parte el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. Los datos reportados en este trabajo son ligeramente superiores a los reportados años atrás en el mundo y en América Latina en particular, lo que indica que ambas condiciones constituyen problemas comunes en la salud mental de la población atendida en el departamento de emergencias. Los autores concluyen que la ansiedad y la depresión son trastornos frecuentes en pacientes mexicanos hospitalizados en dicho departamento, pero que se requiere más investigación para verificar tales resultados.
Citas
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