Resumen
Introducción: Las experiencias adversas en la infancia se refieren a una serie de eventos potencialmente traumáticos en la niñez y para los cuales no se dispone de las herramientas adecuadas para hacerles frente. Están relacionadas con trastornos en la edad adulta, como enfermedades cardiacas, infartos, diabetes y obesidad, así como problemas de salud mental, como depresión y ansiedad. En México no existe un instrumento válido para evaluar dichas experiencias de forma retrospectiva. Objetivo: Adaptar el Cuestionario de Experiencias Adversas en la Infancia en población adulta que acudía a servicios médicos primarios en Ciudad Juárez, Chih. (México). Método: Se administró el citado cuestionario para evaluar las experiencias adversas ocurridas en la infancia, tales como abuso infantil y disfunción familiar, en una muestra de 672 adultos. Resultados: El índice de validez de contenido fue de bueno a muy bueno, los valores alfa en la consistencia interna fueron moderados y la confiabilidad aceptable. Dos factores explicaron 40.17% del total de la varianza, confirmándose una estructura interna compuesta por dos factores de primer orden. Discusión: El cuestionario muestra una validez y confiabilidad aceptables para poder utilizarse en la detección de adversidad infantil de forma retrospectiva. Se discute su manejo para evaluar el efecto acumulativo de esas experiencias, así como la posible modificación al integrar otros tipos de adversidad psicosocial.
Citas
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